106 based organisations and were most likely affiliated with peer-support groups, there are possibilities that they already had a well-developed identity as a part of a stigmatised group wherein they felt supported and also provided support for others. Within-group biases among people living with schizophrenia While in the FGDs participants with schizophrenia expressed feelings of empathy towards others with the same condition, they reported the highest perceived within-group social distance in the SDS. They attributed this decision to the risk of relapse and mental/behavioural instability among people living with schizophrenia, and agreed to the socially held beliefs that people with the disease can be aggressive and a possible threat in the society. This indicates not only the existence of biases towards others with schizophrenia, but also the presence of self-stigma as a result of participants’ endorsement of negative stereotypes and norms present in the Indonesian society in regards to mental illnesses. Other studies have also shown how in Indonesia, people living with mental illnesses like schizophrenia experience self-stigma in the form of shame, self-blame and guilt because of their own experience of psychosis which is
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